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Global System

When the Global System Tightens, Africa Once Again Absorbs the Impact

“The global system does not break where pressure originates, but where there is the least capacity to absorb it.” Iran is not Iran — it is global energy The conflict in Iran cannot be read as a regional episode or…

The Strait Narrows: The Neck of the Global System

“The world does not depend only on what it produces, but on how it moves.” The point where the world compresses The global system rests on a silent premise. Flows must remain open. Energy, goods, capital, and food move through…