Middle East

Empires rise and fall. They do not last forever. Imperial declines follow a gradual shifting of the economic tides, but are also punctuated and defined by critical tipping points. There are many differences between the Suez Crisis in 1956 and the US…

According to a widespread view, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Israel’s invasion of Gaza are two comparable military interventions. It is argued that these two wars constitute two flagrant violations of international law. Putin and Netanyahu are evenly accused…

Read Part 1 here A short-term occupation for one and a longer-term one for the other In Ukraine, the popular uprising of 2013 and 2014 was facilitated by aid provided by the United States (tents, buses, food, entertainment). The coup…

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on Tuesday that the United States will not allow Iran’s control of the Hormuz Strait to be “normalized” after the two sides exchanged fire in the crucial global energy waterway one day earlier.…

The civilian mission bound for Gaza was boarded near Crete, hundreds of miles from the Strip. Human rights organisations and Palestinian sources denounce an illegal capture of civilians, communications blackout, and a new extraterritorial expansion of the Israeli siege. April…

The interception of the Global Sumud Flotilla was not a security operation nor a legal dispute over a naval blockade. Legally, it was an operation of violence and State terrorism in international waters. Applying the Istanbul Protocol to each victim…

This is not peace. It is a tactical pause in a conflict that has not exhausted its logic. “When the tribe stops attacking, it is not always because it has become wiser. Sometimes it has only understood that the next…

The Overwhelming Assessment The reconstruction and renewal of this educational system appear today as an immense challenge, given the scale of the destruction and damage suffered by school and university infrastructures. For several decades, education has occupied a central place…

The sad and infuriating thing is that Israel itself is being and has been used as a military proxy by the international banking system for decades. In this respect Israel’s primary function has been to keep the Middle East unstable,…

Iran is not a transient power that can be coerced into submission; it is a civilization with over 2,500 years of continuous history, shaped by a deep sense of identity, resilience, and pride. From the philosophical legacy of Avicenna to…