{"id":80840,"date":"2013-12-14T06:01:34","date_gmt":"2013-12-14T06:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=80840"},"modified":"2013-12-14T09:57:08","modified_gmt":"2013-12-14T09:57:08","slug":"le-mecanisme-europeen-de-stabilite-mes-en-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2013\/12\/le-mecanisme-europeen-de-stabilite-mes-en-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"Le M\u00e9canisme europ\u00e9en de stabilit\u00e9 (#MES) en 2013"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par Magali Pernin \u2013\u00a0Blog \u2018ContreLaCour\u2019<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dans une rue secondaire, au bout du quartier europ\u00e9en \u00e0 Luxembourg se trouve un b\u00e2timent blanc \u00e0 trois \u00e9tages. Les travaux de la fa\u00e7ade sont encore en cours et l\u2019immeuble affiche un sigle discret, visible aux yeux des passants attentifs : ESM. C\u2019est un b\u00e2timent comme les autres, flanqu\u00e9s de bureaux et abritant les principaux \u00e9tablissements financiers mondiaux et des \u00e9tablissements commerciaux. A l\u2019int\u00e9rieur, cependant, quelque chose de singulier se passe : plus de 100 personnes travaillent \u00e0 l\u2019une des r\u00e9alisations les plus impressionnantes des gouvernements europ\u00e9ens pendant la crise<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Voici comment d\u00e9bute l\u2019excellent\u00a0article publi\u00e9 par Rui Peres Jorge<\/a>\u00a0le 5 d\u00e9cembre dernier dans le Jornal de negocios (Portugal).<\/p>\n

La lecture, vivement conseill\u00e9e, m\u2019a pouss\u00e9e \u00e0 faire un point sur ce m\u00e9canisme m\u00e9connu. Il avait largement soulev\u00e9 inqui\u00e9tudes et protestations en mars 2011 lors de son adoption par le Parlement fran\u00e7ais. Depuis, plus personne ne semble s\u2019int\u00e9resser \u00e0 lui alors qu\u2019il manie chaque semaine des milliards d\u2019euros et joue un r\u00f4le fondamental dans les plans d\u2019aides europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n

\"Logo<\/a><\/p>\n

Ce qui a d\u00e9marr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 2010 comme un v\u00e9hicule d\u2019investissement pr\u00e9voyant une \u00e9quipe de 15 personnes et qui ne serait jamais utilis\u00e9, est devenu un des principaux \u00e9metteurs de dette publique europ\u00e9ens, finan\u00e7ant des programmes d\u2019ajustement \u00e9valu\u00e9s \u00e0 240 milliards d\u2019euros dans cinq pays et dot\u00e9 d\u2019une structure de plus de 100 personnes.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Historique du M\u00e9canisme europ\u00e9en de stabilit\u00e9 (MES)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le 11 juillet 2011, les ministres des Finances de la zone euro ont sign\u00e9\u00a0le trait\u00e9 \u00e9tablissant le M\u00e9canisme europ\u00e9en de stabilit\u00e9<\/a>. Une nouvelle version a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9e le 2 f\u00e9vrier 2012.\u00a0Ce trait\u00e9 a re\u00e7u l\u2019aval de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale le 21 f\u00e9vrier, et du S\u00e9nat le 28 f\u00e9vrier.<\/p>\n

Pour \u00eatre pr\u00e9cis, deux textes relatifs au MES \u00e9taient en fait port\u00e9s \u00e0 la ratification des Etats membres de la zone euro :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. La loi autorisant la ratification du trait\u00e9 instituant le m\u00e9canisme europ\u00e9en de stabilit\u00e9<\/li>\n
  2. La loi autorisant la ratification de la d\u00e9cision du Conseil europ\u00e9en modifiant l\u2019article 136 du trait\u00e9 sur le fonctionnement de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (TFUE)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Afin de b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de la proc\u00e9dure de r\u00e9vision simplifi\u00e9e du Trait\u00e9, ce m\u00e9canisme a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en place en dehors du cadre europ\u00e9en. C\u2019est pour cela qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un Trait\u00e9 intergouvernemental et non d\u2019un Trait\u00e9 europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n

    Ratifi\u00e9 par les 17 Etats membres de la zone euro, le Trait\u00e9 \u00e9tablissant le MES est entr\u00e9 en vigueur le 27 septembre 2012 et le MES a \u00e9t\u00e9 inaugur\u00e9 le 8 octobre 2012.<\/p>\n

    \u00c0 compter du 1er Juillet 2013, le MES est devenu le seul m\u00e9canisme permanent visant \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre aux demandes d\u2019aide financi\u00e8re des \u00c9tats membres de la zone euro.\u00a0Le FESF a cess\u00e9 d\u2019accorder de nouveaux plans d\u2019aide mais ce dernier reste actif dans le financement des programmes en cours au Portugal, en Gr\u00e8ce et, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment, en Irlande.<\/p>\n

    A ce jour, les seuls programmes d\u2019aide financ\u00e9s par le MES ont \u00e9t\u00e9 accord\u00e9 \u00e0 Chypre et aux banques espagnoles.<\/p>\n

    Pour lire la suite, voir le blog de Magali Pernin :<\/p>\n

    http:\/\/www.contrelacour.fr\/mecanisme-europeen-stabilite-mes-2013\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Par Magali Pernin \u2013\u00a0Blog \u2018ContreLaCour\u2019 Dans une rue secondaire, au bout du quartier europ\u00e9en \u00e0 Luxembourg se trouve un b\u00e2timent blanc \u00e0 trois \u00e9tages. Les travaux de la fa\u00e7ade sont encore en cours et l\u2019immeuble affiche un sigle discret, visible…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":926,"featured_media":80862,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100,85,40,163],"tags":[2572,839,840],"class_list":["post-80840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-europe-fr","category-international-fr","category-opinion-fr","tag-2572","tag-mecanisme-europeen-de-stabilite","tag-mes"],"yoast_head":"\nLe M\u00e9canisme europ\u00e9en de stabilit\u00e9 (#MES) en 2013<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Par Magali Pernin \u2013\u00a0Blog \u2018ContreLaCour\u2019 Dans une rue secondaire, au bout du quartier europ\u00e9en \u00e0 Luxembourg se trouve un b\u00e2timent blanc \u00e0 trois \u00e9tages. 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