{"id":78406,"date":"2013-11-26T05:59:46","date_gmt":"2013-11-26T05:59:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=78406"},"modified":"2013-11-26T06:48:55","modified_gmt":"2013-11-26T06:48:55","slug":"non-la-compensation-biodiversite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2013\/11\/non-la-compensation-biodiversite\/","title":{"rendered":"Non \u00e0 la Compensation Biodiversit\u00e9 !"},"content":{"rendered":"

Des populations du monde entier font face \u00e0 une pression toujours plus forte des projets de grandes infrastructures et d\u2019extractions de ressources naturelles qui leur sont impos\u00e9s, qui causent des dommages \u00e0 la nature et l\u2019environnement, et dans la plupart des cas qui sont au service d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats financiers et sp\u00e9culatifs et non pas des int\u00e9r\u00eats des populations.<\/p>\n

Les propositions visant \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0compenser\u00a0\u00bb les dommages caus\u00e9es par ces grandes infrastructures se multiplient de par le monde. De fa\u00e7on comparable \u00e0 la compensation carbone,\u00a0la compensation biodiversit\u00e9 est bas\u00e9e sur l\u2019id\u00e9e qu\u2019il serait possible de recr\u00e9er ailleurs tout ou partie d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me qui aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truit, y compris en achetant des cr\u00e9dits \u00e0 une banque d\u2019habitat naturel<\/strong>. La compensation biodiversit\u00e9 est justifi\u00e9e et promue par banques de d\u00e9veloppement r\u00e9gionales et multilat\u00e9rales, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 travers des r\u00e9formes l\u00e9gislatives.<\/p>\n

De nombreux groupes de la plan\u00e8te ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction de cette d\u00e9claration qui affirme \u00ab\u00a0Non \u00e0 la compensation biodiversit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. La nature est quelque chose qui ne peut \u00eatre d\u00e9plac\u00e9e ainsi, pas plus que les dommages caus\u00e9es aux populations et territoires peut-\u00eatre compens\u00e9s et \u00e9chang\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La d\u00e9claration est disponible en plusieurs langues<\/strong>\u00a0(English, French, Romanian, Finnish, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Italian) sur ce site Internet\u00a0:\u00a0http:\/\/no-biodiversity-offsets.make…<\/a>\u00a0et en fran\u00e7ais en pdf<\/a>\u00a0et ici\u00a0:<\/strong>\u00a0http:\/\/no-biodiversity-offsets.makenoise.org\/francais\/<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9claration peut-\u00eatre sign\u00e9e par des organisations, des groupes, r\u00e9seaux, associations, collectifs. Pour signer, envoyer un mail \u00e0\u00a0:\u00a0nobiodiversityoffsets@gmail.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

Extrait de la d\u00e9claration : Q<\/strong>uelques exemples de politiques et de projets de compensation<\/b><\/p>\n

1. Le gouvernement britannique envisage d\u2019introduire ces m\u00e9canismes de compensation (consultation jusqu\u2019au 7 novembre 2013 (http:\/\/www.fern.org\/UKbiodiversityconsultation<\/a>). Des cas de compensation montrent que la promesse de compenser la perte est pr\u00e9judiciable \u00e0 l\u2019application de lois qui emp\u00eacheraient la destruction de l\u2019environnement, affaiblissant ainsi le processus d\u00e9mocratique et l\u2019attention port\u00e9e aux communaut\u00e9s affect\u00e9es.\u00a0http:\/\/saveourwoods.co.uk\/articles\/nppf\/biodiversity-offsetting-permits-previously-rejected-housing-development\/<\/a><\/p>\n

2. Notre Dame des Landes, en France : depuis une quarantaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, il est question de construire un a\u00e9roport sur plus de 1000 hectares de terres o\u00f9 les agriculteurs ont pr\u00e9serv\u00e9 biodiversit\u00e9 et paysage traditionnel. Les lois fran\u00e7aises sur l\u2019eau et la biodiversit\u00e9 exigeaient des compensations. \u2018Biotope\u2019 a mis au point une nouvelle m\u00e9thodologie bas\u00e9e sur des \u2018fonctions\u2019 et non des \u2018hectares\u2019, ce qui aboutit \u00e0 compenser seulement pour 600 ha. La r\u00e9sistance locale a r\u00e9ussi jusqu\u2019\u00e0 present \u00e0 bloquer le projet. La Commission europ\u00e9enne va s\u2019en m\u00ealer.<\/p>\n

3. Strat\u00e9gie de l\u2019UE sur la biodiversit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019horizon 2020 \u2013 l\u2019UE envisage de l\u00e9gif\u00e9rer sur les compensations en mati\u00e8re de biodiversit\u00e9, y compris une \u201cbanque d\u2019habitats\u201d qui permettrait de compenser les pertes d\u2019esp\u00e8ces et d\u2019habitats partout dans l\u2019Union. L\u2019objectif est d\u2019\u00e9viter une perte nette de biodiversit\u00e9, ce qui n\u2019est pas la m\u00eame chose que pas de perte.<\/p>\n

4. La Banque mondiale finance un projet d\u2019extraction de nickel et de cobalt en Indon\u00e9sie. Il est dirig\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise Eramet (http:\/\/wedabaynickel.com\/<\/a>), qui fait partie de BBOP (Business and Biodiversity Offsets Program:\u00a0http:\/\/www.business-biodiversity.eu\/default.asp?Menue=133&News=43<\/a>). Le projet a d\u00e9j\u00e0 re\u00e7u l\u2019aval de MIGA (la branche de la Banque mondiale qui s\u2019occupe de couvrir les risques \u00e9conomiques et politiques des investisseurs) et doit \u00eatre financ\u00e9 par la Banque mondiale, la Banque de d\u00e9veloppement asiatique, la banque japonaise pour la coop\u00e9ration internationale (JPIC), Coface et l\u2019Agence fran\u00e7aise du d\u00e9veloppement (AFD) en ce qui concerne le volet compensations. Les cons\u00e9quences pour les habitants et les sols sont tr\u00e8s graves et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile se mobile pour combattre le projet, tant au niveau international qu\u2019en Indon\u00e9sie.<\/p>\n

Source :\u00a0http:\/\/www.fondation-copernic.org\/spip.php?article1018<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des populations du monde entier font face \u00e0 une pression toujours plus forte des projets de grandes infrastructures et d\u2019extractions de ressources naturelles qui leur sont impos\u00e9s, qui causent des dommages \u00e0 la nature et l\u2019environnement, et dans la plupart…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":987,"featured_media":78417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151,97,100,40,163,95],"tags":[2771,7970,7969,7971,279,1746],"class_list":["post-78406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communique-de-presse","category-environnement-et-ecologie","category-economie","category-international-fr","category-opinion-fr","category-affaires-etrangeres","tag-biodiversite","tag-compensation","tag-compensation-biodiversite","tag-ecosysteme","tag-environnement","tag-nature"],"yoast_head":"\nNon \u00e0 la Compensation 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