{"id":62013,"date":"2013-07-22T20:58:09","date_gmt":"2013-07-22T19:58:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=62013"},"modified":"2013-07-22T21:10:30","modified_gmt":"2013-07-22T20:10:30","slug":"la-charade-du-libre-echange","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2013\/07\/la-charade-du-libre-echange\/","title":{"rendered":"La charade du libre \u00e9change"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n\"membres<\/a>Image : Wikipedia Commons<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Par Joseph E. Stiglitz *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alors que rien, depuis son lancement il y a pr\u00e8s d’une dizaine d’ann\u00e9es, n’est sorti du\u00a0Programme de Doha pour le d\u00e9veloppement<\/a>, un cycle de n\u00e9gociations commerciales mondiales sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce, un autre round de n\u00e9gociations est en pr\u00e9paration. Cependant, cette fois, les n\u00e9gociations ne se d\u00e9rouleront pas sur une base multilat\u00e9rale mondiale; au lieu de cela, deux grands accords r\u00e9gionaux \u2013 l\u2019un transpacifique et l\u2019autre transatlantique \u2013 doivent \u00eatre n\u00e9goci\u00e9s. Les prochains pourparlers sont-ils susceptibles d’avoir plus de succ\u00e8s?<\/p>\n

Le Cycle de Doha a \u00e9t\u00e9 torpill\u00e9 par le refus des \u00c9tats-Unis de mettre fin \u00e0 leurs subventions agricoles \u2013 une condition\u00a0sine qua non<\/em>\u00a0pour tout v\u00e9ritable cycle de d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que 70% de la population des pays en d\u00e9veloppement d\u00e9pend de l’agriculture, de mani\u00e8re directe ou indirecte. La position am\u00e9ricaine \u00e9tait v\u00e9ritablement \u00e0 couper le souffle, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que l’OMC avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 jug\u00e9 que les subventions accord\u00e9es au coton am\u00e9ricain \u2013 qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient \u00e0 moins de 25.000 riches agriculteurs \u2013\u00a0\u00e9taient ill\u00e9gales<\/a>\u00a0. La r\u00e9ponse de l’Am\u00e9rique a \u00e9t\u00e9 de corrompre le Br\u00e9sil, qui avait d\u00e9pos\u00e9 la plainte, pour le convaincre de ne pas poursuivre l’affaire, laissant sur le carreau des millions de pauvres cultivateurs de coton en Afrique subsaharienne et en Inde, qui souffrent de la baisse des prix en raison de la g\u00e9n\u00e9rosit\u00e9 de l’Am\u00e9rique envers ses riches agriculteurs.<\/p>\n

Compte tenu de cette histoire r\u00e9cente, il semble maintenant clair que les n\u00e9gociations visant \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une zone de libre-\u00e9change entre les Etats-Unis et l\u2019Europe, et un autre entre les Etats-Unis et une grande partie du Pacifique (\u00e0 l’exception de la Chine), ne portent pas sur l’\u00e9tablissement d’un v\u00e9ritable syst\u00e8me de libre-\u00e9change. Au lieu de cela, l’objectif est un r\u00e9gime commercial g\u00e9r\u00e9 \u2013 g\u00e9r\u00e9, c’est \u00e0 dire qui sert les int\u00e9r\u00eats particuliers qui dominent depuis longtemps la politique commerciale occidentale.<\/p>\n

\"Avatar<\/p>\n

* Joseph E. Stiglitz<\/strong>, a Nobel laureate in economics and University Professor at Columbia University, was Chairman of President Bill Clinton\u2019s Council of Economic Advisers and served as Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank. His most recent book is\u00a0<\/span>The Price of Inequality: How Today\u2019s Divided Society Endangers our Future<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

.
\nSource et article complet : http:\/\/www.project-syndicate.org\/commentary\/transatlantic-and-transpacific-free-trade-trouble-by-joseph-e–stiglitz\/french#dp2UAobSmQaQT7dl.99<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Image : Wikipedia Commons   Par Joseph E. Stiglitz * Alors que rien, depuis son lancement il y a pr\u00e8s d’une dizaine d’ann\u00e9es, n’est sorti du\u00a0Programme de Doha pour le d\u00e9veloppement, un cycle de n\u00e9gociations commerciales mondiales sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":926,"featured_media":62014,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100,40,163,95],"tags":[6046,6044,6045],"class_list":["post-62013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-international-fr","category-opinion-fr","category-affaires-etrangeres","tag-joseph-e-stiglitz","tag-libre-echange","tag-omc-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nLa charade du libre \u00e9change<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Image : Wikipedia Commons   Par Joseph E. 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