{"id":390680,"date":"2016-11-01T05:52:47","date_gmt":"2016-11-01T05:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/?p=390680"},"modified":"2016-11-02T02:38:56","modified_gmt":"2016-11-02T02:38:56","slug":"yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/","title":{"rendered":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><i>En 1995, l&rsquo; organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s&rsquo;occupe de la gestion et de la pr\u00e9servation de la faune, l&rsquo;US Fish and Wildlife Service), en collaboration avec des biologistes canadiens, a captur\u00e9 14 loups au Canada et les a introduits dans le Parc national de Yellowstone, d&rsquo;o\u00f9 ils avaient disparu depuis 1926. Au cours des ann\u00e9es suivantes, le nombre de loups a augment\u00e9, mais ceci ne fut que le moindre des changements qui se sont produits \u00e0 Yellowstone.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Les effets ont \u00e9t\u00e9 beaucoup plus spectaculaires que ce qu&rsquo;on aurait pu attendre. Tout l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me du parc national a \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9, au point que m\u00eame les rivi\u00e8res ont chang\u00e9 de cours. Comment cela a-t-il pu se produire\u00a0? Regardez cette vid\u00e9o et admirez de quelle fa\u00e7on extraordinaire la nature change.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ysa5OBhXz-Q?feature=player_embedded&amp;vq=default\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<strong> Cliquer sur la roue dent\u00e9e pour activer\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>les sous-titres fran\u00e7ais<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Une des d\u00e9couvertes scientifiques les plus passionnantes des cinquante derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es a \u00e9t\u00e9 la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;un grand nombre de cascades trophiques. Une cascade trophique est un processus \u00e9cologique qui commence au sommet et se transmet jusqu&rsquo;en bas de la cha\u00eene alimentaire.\u00a0 Un exemple classique en est ce qui s&rsquo;est pass\u00e9 dans le Parc national de Yellowstone aux USA lorsque les loups y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9introduits en 1995.\u00a0\u00a0 Nous savons tous que les loups \u00a0tuent diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces d&rsquo;animaux, mais nous sommes peut-\u00eatre moins conscients de ce qu&rsquo;ils donnent la vie \u00e0 beaucoup d&rsquo;autres. Avant leur retour, les loups avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 absents de Yellowstone pendant 70 ans. En l&rsquo;absence de pr\u00e9dateurs, le nombre de wapitis dans le parc de Yellowstone n&rsquo;avait cess\u00e9 d&rsquo;augmenter et, malgr\u00e9 les efforts faits par les hommes pour contr\u00f4ler leur population, ils en \u00e9taient arriv\u00e9s par surp\u00e2turage \u00e0 d\u00e9truire presque toute la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. D\u00e8s l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e des loups, bien que peu nombreux, leur pr\u00e9sence a entra\u00een\u00e9\u00a0 des effets\u00a0 spectaculaires.<\/p>\n<p>Ils ont bien s\u00fbr tu\u00e9 quelques wapitis, mais ce n&rsquo;est pas l\u00e0 le plus important. De mani\u00e8re bien plus significative, ils ont chang\u00e9 radicalement le comportement des cervid\u00e9s. Les wapitis se sont mis \u00e0 \u00e9viter certains secteurs du parc, les endroits o\u00f9 ils \u00e9taient plus facilement rep\u00e9rables, particuli\u00e8rement les vall\u00e9es et les gorges,\u00a0 et la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation y a repris imm\u00e9diatement. Dans certaines zones, la taille des arbres a quintupl\u00e9 en tout juste six ans, des flancs de vall\u00e9es d\u00e9nud\u00e9s se sont rapidement transform\u00e9s en for\u00eats de trembles, de saules et de peupliers de Virginie. Aussit\u00f4t, les oiseaux ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s&rsquo;y installer. \u00a0Le nombre d&rsquo;oiseaux chanteurs et d&rsquo;oiseaux migrateurs s&rsquo;est mis \u00e0 y augmenter fortement.<\/p>\n<p>Le nombre de castors a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 cro\u00eetre car les castors aiment manger les arbres. Les castors, comme les loups, sont des ing\u00e9nieurs de l&rsquo;environnement.\u00a0 Ils cr\u00e9ent des niches pour d&rsquo;autres esp\u00e8ces. Les barrages qu&rsquo;ils ont construits ont fourni des habitats pour des loutres, des canards, des poissons, des reptiles et des amphibiens. Les loups ont tu\u00e9 les coyotes, et par cons\u00e9quent le nombre des lapins et de souris a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 augmenter, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 l&rsquo;augmentation du nombre de faucons, de belettes, de renards et de blaireaux.\u00a0 Les corbeaux et les pygargues \u00e0 t\u00eate blanche se nourrissent des charognes abandonn\u00e9es par les loups.\u00a0\u00a0 Les ours s&rsquo;en nourrissent \u00e9galement et leur population a aussi commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 augmenter, en partie aussi \u00e0 cause de la plus grande abondance de baies qui poussent sur les arbustes en pleine r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence. Ils ont renforc\u00e9 l&rsquo;impact des loups en tuant quelques petits de cervid\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>C&rsquo;est l\u00e0 que les choses deviennent vraiment int\u00e9ressantes. Les loups ont chang\u00e9 le comportement des rivi\u00e8res. Ils se sont mis \u00e0 faire moins de m\u00e9andres, l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion a diminu\u00e9, leurs lits sont devenus plus \u00e9troits, de nouveaux plans d&rsquo;eau et des rapides se sont form\u00e9s, ce qui a favoris\u00e9 l&rsquo;apparition d&rsquo;habitats pour la faune sauvage. Les rivi\u00e8res ont chang\u00e9 sous l&rsquo;impact des loups, parce que les for\u00eats, en se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rant, en ont stabilis\u00e9 les rives,\u00a0 de telle fa\u00e7on que celles-ci s&rsquo;effondrent moins souvent, et que le cours des rivi\u00e8res est devenu plus r\u00e9gulier. De m\u00eame, comme les wapitis ont \u00e9t\u00e9 chass\u00e9s de certains lieux, et que la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation a recommenc\u00e9 \u00e0 pousser sur les flancs des vall\u00e9es,\u00a0 l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion des sols a diminu\u00e9 parce que la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation a stabilis\u00e9 cela aussi. Les loups, en faible nombre, n&rsquo;ont pas seulement transform\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me du parc national de Yellowstone, cet immense espace terrestre, mais aussi sa g\u00e9ographie physique.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"trad\">Traduit par\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tlaxcala-int.org\/biographie.asp?ref_aut=4445&amp;lg_pp=fr\">Jacques Boutard<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l&rsquo; organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s&rsquo;occupe de la gestion et de la pr\u00e9servation de la faune, l&rsquo;US Fish and Wildlife Service),&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1054,"featured_media":391487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,97,27989],"tags":[32158,32159],"class_list":["post-390680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amerique-du-nord","category-environnement-et-ecologie","category-video-fr","tag-loups","tag-yellowstone"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l&#039; organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s&#039;occupe\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l&#039; organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s&#039;occupe\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pressenza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"906\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"George Monbiot\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@GeorgeMonbiot\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@PressenzaIPA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"George Monbiot\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"George Monbiot\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/af6389b3ed991acb5ff025451c23b440\"},\"headline\":\"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\"},\"wordCount\":846,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"loups\",\"Yellowstone\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Am\u00e9rique du Nord\",\"Ecologie et Environnement\",\"Video\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\",\"name\":\"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l' organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s'occupe\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg\",\"width\":906,\"height\":500},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Pressenza\",\"description\":\"International Press Agency\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Pressenza\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg\",\"width\":200,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"Pressenza\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/PressenzaIPA\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/af6389b3ed991acb5ff025451c23b440\",\"name\":\"George Monbiot\",\"description\":\"George Monbiot is a British writer, known for his environmental and political activism. He writes a weekly column for The Guardian, and is the author of a number of books, including Captive State: The Corporate Takeover of Britain (2000) and Bring on the Apocalypse: Six Arguments for Global Justice (2008). www.monbiot.com\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.monbiot.com\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/GeorgeMonbiot\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/author\/george-monbiot\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res","description":"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l' organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s'occupe","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res","og_description":"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l' organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s'occupe","og_url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/","og_site_name":"Pressenza","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia","article_published_time":"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00","og_image":[{"width":906,"height":500,"url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"George Monbiot","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@GeorgeMonbiot","twitter_site":"@PressenzaIPA","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"George Monbiot","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/"},"author":{"name":"George Monbiot","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/af6389b3ed991acb5ff025451c23b440"},"headline":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res","datePublished":"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00","dateModified":"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/"},"wordCount":846,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg","keywords":["loups","Yellowstone"],"articleSection":["Am\u00e9rique du Nord","Ecologie et Environnement","Video"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/","name":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg","datePublished":"2016-11-01T05:52:47+00:00","dateModified":"2016-11-02T02:38:56+00:00","description":"Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res: une cascade trophique dans le Parc national de Yellowstone En 1995, l' organisme f\u00e9d\u00e9ral US qui s'occupe","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Yellowstone-Comment-les-loups-changent-le-cours-des-rivi--res.jpg","width":906,"height":500},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/11\/yellowstone-loups-changent-cours-rivieres\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Yellowstone : Comment les loups changent le cours des rivi\u00e8res"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/","name":"Pressenza","description":"International Press Agency","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#organization","name":"Pressenza","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg","width":200,"height":200,"caption":"Pressenza"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia","https:\/\/x.com\/PressenzaIPA"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/af6389b3ed991acb5ff025451c23b440","name":"George Monbiot","description":"George Monbiot is a British writer, known for his environmental and political activism. He writes a weekly column for The Guardian, and is the author of a number of books, including Captive State: The Corporate Takeover of Britain (2000) and Bring on the Apocalypse: Six Arguments for Global Justice (2008). www.monbiot.com","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.monbiot.com","https:\/\/x.com\/GeorgeMonbiot"],"url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/author\/george-monbiot\/"}]}},"place":"Etats-Unis","original_article_url":"http:\/\/www.tlaxcala-int.org\/article.asp?reference=19212","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1054"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=390680"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390680\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/391487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=390680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=390680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=390680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}