{"id":294515,"date":"2016-03-28T04:48:10","date_gmt":"2016-03-28T03:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/?p=294515"},"modified":"2016-03-28T04:48:10","modified_gmt":"2016-03-28T03:48:10","slug":"cuba-etats-unis-conflit-asymetrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2016\/03\/cuba-etats-unis-conflit-asymetrique\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuba \/ Etats-Unis : \u00ab Un conflit asym\u00e9trique \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Salim Lamrani, est un universitaire sp\u00e9cialiste des relations entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis. Il revient sur la question des droits de l\u2019Homme, point de divergence entre les deux pays.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>S\u00e9bastien Madau\u00a0: Les Etats-Unis ont indiqu\u00e9 vouloir \u00e9voquer avec Cuba la question des droits de l\u2019homme sur l\u2019\u00eele. De quels aspects en particulier ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Salim Lamrani\u00a0: La question des droits de l\u2019homme \u00e0 Cuba a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 instrumentalis\u00e9e par les Etats-Unis \u00e0 des fins politiques. Il convient de rappeler que, depuis 1991, Washington brandit l\u2019argument des \u00ab\u00a0droits de l\u2019homme\u00a0\u00bb pour justifier son hostilit\u00e9 vis-\u00e0-vis de La Havane et maintenir les sanctions \u00e9conomiques qui \u00e9touffent la population de l\u2019\u00eele. Pour expliquer l\u2019\u00e9tat de si\u00e8ge contre Cuba, la rh\u00e9torique diplomatique a fluctu\u00e9 au fil des ans\u00a0: ainsi, depuis les ann\u00e9es 1960, Washington a successivement fait allusion aux nationalisations, \u00e0 l\u2019alliance avec l\u2019Union sovi\u00e9tique, puis \u00e0 l\u2019aide apport\u00e9e par Cuba aux mouvements d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance en Afrique et aux groupes r\u00e9volutionnaires en Am\u00e9rique latine et enfin aux droits humains.<\/p>\n

Pour les Etats-Unis, les droits de l\u2019homme et la d\u00e9mocratie sont automatiquement synonymes de multipartisme, d\u2019\u00e9conomie de march\u00e9 et de m\u00e9dias priv\u00e9s. A l\u2019\u00e9vidence, les Cubains ne partagent pas ce point de vue.<\/p>\n

SM\u00a0: Cuba, de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, se dit pr\u00eate \u00e0 aborder cette probl\u00e9matique, mais \u00e0 condition de le faire \u00e9galement pour la situation aux Etats-Unis. Qu\u2019a-t-elle \u00e0 souligner pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

SL\u00a0: Cuba a toujours fait part de sa disposition \u00e0 aborder tous les sujets possibles et imaginables avec les Etats-Unis, \u00e0 condition que trois principes soient respect\u00e9s\u00a0: l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 souveraine, la r\u00e9ciprocit\u00e9 et la non-ing\u00e9rence dans les affaires internes.<\/p>\n

Cuba consid\u00e8re que les droits \u00e9conomiques et sociaux sont aussi importants que les droits civils et politiques. Ainsi, il est indispensable que tous les citoyens, quelle que soit leur origine ethnique, g\u00e9ographique ou sociale, aient un acc\u00e8s universel \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, \u00e0 la culture, aux loisirs et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, sans discrimination aucune. A l\u2019\u00e9vidence, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tasunienne est loin d\u2019offrir toutes ces garanties. Ainsi, pr\u00e8s de 50 millions de personnes n\u2019ont pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une protection sociale digne de ce nom. Les minorit\u00e9s de ce pays si riche souffrent de ch\u00f4mage, de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 et sont les principales victimes de la violence commise par les forces de l\u2019ordre. La r\u00e9partition des richesses y est inexistante. Or, toute d\u00e9mocratie digne de ce nom se doit de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une r\u00e9partition \u00e9quitable de la richesse nationale afin que chaque citoyen puisse vivre dignement.<\/p>\n

SM\u00a0: Entre Cuba, qui n\u2019a pas l\u2019intention de renoncer \u00e0 son syst\u00e8me socialiste, et les Etats-Unis, qui visent \u00e0 conserver leur position de premi\u00e8re puissance capitaliste du monde, peut-on imaginer que ce d\u00e9bat se termine par un statu quo et que les relations soient tout de m\u00eame r\u00e9tablies ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

SL\u00a0: Il convient de rappeler que le conflit qui oppose Cuba aux Etats-Unis est asym\u00e9trique. D\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, il y a un agresseur, les Etats-Unis, qui imposent des sanctions \u00e9conomiques qui affectent toutes les cat\u00e9gories de la population depuis plus d\u2019un demi-si\u00e8cle\u00a0; qui occupe ill\u00e9galement une partie du territoire national d\u2019un pays souverain, Guantanamo\u00a0; qui finance une opposition interne pour subvertir l\u2019ordre \u00e9tabli, ce qui est ill\u00e9gal aux yeux du droit international\u00a0; qui fomente, par le biais de la Loi d\u2019Ajustement cubain et le Programme m\u00e9dical cubain, l\u2019\u00e9migration ill\u00e9gale exclusive des Cubains afin de vider le pays de son capital humain\u00a0; et qui multiplie les programmes de radio et de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, Radio et TV Mart\u00ed, destin\u00e9s \u00e0 semer la discorde \u00e0 Cuba, en violation, une nouvelle fois, de la l\u00e9gislation internationale.<\/p>\n

De l\u2019autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 se trouve Cuba, une petite nation de 11 millions d\u2019habitants, avec ses vertus et ses limites, qui n\u2019a jamais agress\u00e9 les Etats-Unis, qui a toujours fait part de sa volont\u00e9 d\u2019entretenir de relations pacifiques avec tous les pays du monde, bas\u00e9es sur le droit international, et qui aspire \u00e0 choisir sa propre voie et \u00e0 \u00e9difier une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 diff\u00e9rente en respectant la volont\u00e9 du peuple souverain.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, tout d\u00e9pend de Washington. Si le Voisin du Nord accepte la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d\u2019une Cuba diff\u00e9rente, ind\u00e9pendante et souveraine, qui ne n\u00e9gocie ni son syst\u00e8me politique, ni son mod\u00e8le social, ni sa politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re, alors les deux pays pourront vivre dans une entente cordiale et les deux peuples, qui ont tant de choses en commun, pourront renforcer leurs liens fraternels.<\/p>\n

Source :\u00a0http:\/\/www.mondialisation.ca\/cuba-etats-unis-un-conflit-asymetrique\/5516596<\/a><\/div>\n
La source originale de cet article est La Marseillaise<\/a><\/div>\n
Copyright \u00a9 Salim Lamrani<\/a> et S\u00e9bastien Madau<\/a>, La Marseillaise<\/a>, 2016<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Salim Lamrani, est un universitaire sp\u00e9cialiste des relations entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis. Il revient sur la question des droits de l\u2019Homme, point de divergence entre les deux pays. \u00a0S\u00e9bastien Madau\u00a0: Les Etats-Unis ont indiqu\u00e9 vouloir \u00e9voquer avec Cuba la…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":859,"featured_media":294524,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88,40,163,93],"tags":[271,312],"class_list":["post-294515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amerique-centrale","category-international-fr","category-opinion-fr","category-politique","tag-cuba","tag-etats-unis"],"yoast_head":"\nCuba \/ Etats-Unis : \u00ab Un conflit asym\u00e9trique \u00bb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Salim Lamrani, est un universitaire sp\u00e9cialiste des relations entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis. 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