{"id":2678550,"date":"2026-02-22T20:29:55","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T20:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=2678550"},"modified":"2026-02-22T20:29:55","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T20:29:55","slug":"droits-humains-a-cuba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2026\/02\/droits-humains-a-cuba\/","title":{"rendered":"Droits humains \u00e0 Cuba"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nombreux sont ceux qui affirment \u2014 Jeannette Jara (NdT : candidate aux derni\u00e8res \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles au Chili) l\u2019a elle-m\u00eame d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u2014 que Cuba n\u2019est pas un pays d\u00e9mocratique, sans que les raisons soient clairement expos\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Soutenir cela rel\u00e8ve de la pure ignorance, de la pure mauvaise foi. \u00c0 Cuba, les droits humains sont non seulement respect\u00e9s, mais aussi appliqu\u00e9s concr\u00e8tement, bien plus que dans de nombreux autres pays du monde. Je l’ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 dit \u00e0 maintes reprises et je n’h\u00e9siterai pas \u00e0 le r\u00e9p\u00e9ter \u00e0 ceux qui l’ignorent.<\/p>\n

Il convient de noter que l’article 1 de la D\u00e9claration universelle des droits humains stipule, entre autres, que tous les \u00eatres humains doivent agir les uns envers les autres dans un esprit de fraternit\u00e9. Je ne le respecte pas, car je n’\u00e9prouve aucune fraternit\u00e9 envers les personnes d’extr\u00eame droite qui s’en prennent \u00e0 Cuba sans la conna\u00eetre, et surtout envers le monstre du Nord qui se croit propri\u00e9taire de la plan\u00e8te Terre.<\/p>\n

Et oui, les Cubains sont tr\u00e8s fraternels et g\u00e9n\u00e9reux, et ils ne vous demandent pas vos opinions politiques. Nous \u00e9tions des exil\u00e9s de gauche, mais comme il y avait beaucoup de touristes de passage, on les a toujours bien accueillis. On leur donne des conseils sur les lieux \u00e0 visiter et on les aide avec tout ce qui se pr\u00e9sente.<\/p>\n

Et Donald souhaite une presse libre, pour que chacun puisse \u00e9crire et publier ce qu’il veut.<\/p>\n

N’y a-t-il donc aucun journal d’opposition ? Bien s\u00fbr que non, puisqu’ils sont interdits. Et pourquoi ? Parce que Cuba est un petit pays aux ressources limit\u00e9es, en guerre contre la nation la plus puissante du monde. Nous savons tous que Cuba est soumise \u00e0 un blocus am\u00e9ricain, qui l’emp\u00eache de commercer librement avec les autres pays. Chacun sait qu’ils cherchent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 l’affamer et \u00e0 la maintenir dans l’ignorance ; des centaines de tentatives d’assassinat ont \u00e9t\u00e9 perp\u00e9tr\u00e9es contre ses dirigeants, et ils ont tent\u00e9 une invasion \u00e0 la Baie des Cochons.<\/p>\n

Cuba a-t-elle d\u00e9clench\u00e9 cette guerre ? Non, ce sont les \u00e9tasuniens qui l’ont d\u00e9clench\u00e9e et qui la poursuivent encore aujourd’hui. Un pays en guerre devrait-il autoriser la publication de journaux ennemis ? Les journaux nazis \u00e9taient-ils autoris\u00e9s en Angleterre pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale ? Bien s\u00fbr que non.<\/p>\n

Le seul droit humain fondamental est-il l’existence d’un journal d’opposition ? Existe-t-il des journaux d’opposition imprim\u00e9s au Chili ? Non, Clar\u00edn<\/em> n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 financ\u00e9 pour poursuivre sa publication, et Punto Final<\/em> a d\u00fb cesser de para\u00eetre faute de financement. Toutes les recettes publicitaires de l’\u00c9tat continuent d’aller \u00e0 El Mercurio et \u00e0 COPESA. Alors ?<\/p>\n

En fait, de nombreux autres droits humains sont non seulement respect\u00e9s \u00e0 Cuba, mais aussi appliqu\u00e9s :<\/p>\n

Le droit \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, le droit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, le droit au travail, et bien d\u2019autres. Il existe des tribunaux du travail pour r\u00e9gler tout conflit de ce type ; je peux vous l\u2019assurer car j\u2019ai travaill\u00e9 six ans au minist\u00e8re du Travail et je les connais bien. Il existe \u00e9galement des tribunaux p\u00e9naux pour les d\u00e9lits et les crimes.<\/p>\n

Voici un bref r\u00e9capitulatif, puisque je les ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 expliqu\u00e9s :<\/p>\n

La majeure partie du budget \u00e9tait auparavant consacr\u00e9e aux services sociaux (\u00e9ducation, sant\u00e9, etc.), mais on ne sait plus quoi en est, car il n\u2019y a m\u00eame plus d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ils ont le meilleur syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif d’Am\u00e9rique latine. D\u00e8s le triomphe de la r\u00e9volution, ils ont lanc\u00e9 une vaste campagne d’alphab\u00e9tisation. La plupart des enseignant\u00b7e\u00b7s \u00e9taient de jeunes \u00e9tudiant\u00b7e\u00b7s ; je connaissais une Chilienne qui y travaillait. Certains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s par les forces de Batista, mais il n’y a plus d’illettr\u00e9s \u00e0 Cuba.<\/p>\n

Chacun \u00e9tudie quelque chose : ceux qui ont des comp\u00e9tences techniques veulent devenir des professionnels, ceux qui ont un dipl\u00f4me font des \u00e9tudes pour devenir m\u00e9decins, ma secr\u00e9taire apprenait les langues, etc.<\/p>\n

Il y a toujours eu 20 \u00e9l\u00e8ves par enseignant, mais maintenant, \u00e0 cause de l’embargo, il est difficile de maintenir ce ratio.<\/p>\n

Leur syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 est exemplaire. Lorsque j’y vivais, il y avait un m\u00e9decin dans chaque quartier ou immeuble de six appartements, qui effectuait des visites \u00e0 domicile r\u00e9guli\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Des milliers de m\u00e9decins obtiennent leur dipl\u00f4me chaque ann\u00e9e et partent ensuite apporter leur aide \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger. Au Mexique, on compte aujourd’hui plus de 3 600 excellents m\u00e9decins cubains qui exercent dans des r\u00e9gions recul\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Cuba est historiquement reconnue pour avoir l’un des taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile les plus bas d’Am\u00e9rique latine et du monde, souvent \u00e0 des niveaux comparables \u00e0 ceux des pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Le pays a mis au point quatre vaccins contre le cancer.<\/p>\n

C’est le premier pays \u00e0 avoir \u00e9limin\u00e9 la transmission du VIH de la m\u00e8re \u00e0 l’enfant.<\/p>\n

Et bien d’autres choses encore, comme le sport et l’art : le ballet, la musique, etc.<\/p>\n

Le plus beau fruit de la R\u00e9volution cubaine est qu’elle a mis l’accent sur la transformation \u00e9thique de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Il est tr\u00e8s difficile de trouver un autre peuple capable, comme les Cubains, de se d\u00e9vouer corps et \u00e2me pour soulager la faim et le besoin de ses fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs dans des contr\u00e9es lointaines.<\/p>\n

Et c’est ce pays que Donald veut maintenant an\u00e9antir par la famine et plonger dans les t\u00e9n\u00e8bres. Mais il n’y parviendra pas, car le peuple cubain rayonne de sa propre lumi\u00e8re et la transmet au reste du monde.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Traduction : Evelyn Tischer<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nombreux sont ceux qui affirment \u2014 Jeannette Jara (NdT : candidate aux derni\u00e8res \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles au Chili) l\u2019a elle-m\u00eame d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u2014 que Cuba n\u2019est pas un pays d\u00e9mocratique, sans que les raisons soient clairement expos\u00e9es. Soutenir cela rel\u00e8ve de la…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2124,"featured_media":2678553,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88,11386,98,1249,163,1245],"tags":[145486,271,1002,857,3937,2687],"class_list":["post-2678550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amerique-centrale","category-contenu-original","category-droits-de-lhomme","category-education-sujet","category-opinion-fr","category-sante-sujet","tag-blocus-americain","tag-cuba","tag-droits-humains","tag-education-fr","tag-liberte-de-la-presse","tag-sante-publique"],"yoast_head":"\nDroits humains \u00e0 Cuba<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nombreux sont ceux qui affirment \u2014 Jeannette Jara (NdT : candidate aux derni\u00e8res \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles au Chili) l\u2019a elle-m\u00eame d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u2014 que Cuba\" \/>\n<meta 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Her life has been shaped by a deep international perspective, from an upbringing in Argentina and post-war Paris to political exile in Cuba and Mexico following the 1973 coup. A resident of Mexico since 1979 due to judicial persecution by the Chilean dictatorship, she brings to her writing extensive expertise in the legal, political, and social issues of Latin America.","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/author\/margarita-labarca-goddard\/"}]}},"place":"Mexique","original_article_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2678550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2124"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2678550"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2678550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2678602,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2678550\/revisions\/2678602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2678553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2678550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2678550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2678550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}