{"id":2657093,"date":"2025-11-30T00:14:53","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T00:14:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=2657093"},"modified":"2025-11-30T00:14:53","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T00:14:53","slug":"iles-marshall-revenu-de-base-universel-a-lechelle-nationale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2025\/11\/iles-marshall-revenu-de-base-universel-a-lechelle-nationale\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00celes Marshall : Revenu de base universel \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle nationale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les \u00celes Marshall ont franchi une \u00e9tape historique en lan\u00e7ant officiellement un programme de revenu de base universel (RBU), baptis\u00e9 Enra. D\u00e8s la fin novembre, tous les citoyens pourront percevoir un revenu r\u00e9gulier sans conditions, par virement bancaire, ch\u00e8que ou via le portefeuille num\u00e9rique Lomalo. Le syst\u00e8me sera financ\u00e9 par un fonds souverain et un programme d’obligations tokenis\u00e9es (l’USDM1), une initiative qui fait de cette nation du Pacifique un pionnier dans l’utilisation d’actifs num\u00e9riques pour un programme de revenu universel.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le gouvernement explique que le revenu de base universel vise \u00e0 renforcer l’inclusion financi\u00e8re, notamment dans les atolls isol\u00e9s o\u00f9 les infrastructures bancaires sont limit\u00e9es, et \u00e0 garantir qu’\u00ab aucune communaut\u00e9 ne soit laiss\u00e9e pour compte \u00bb. <\/span><\/span>
\n Cependant, des organisations internationales telles que le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international (FMI) ont averti que des d\u00e9penses permanentes aussi importantes \u2014 \u00e9quivalentes \u00e0 environ 8 % du PIB projet\u00e9 d’ici 2026 \u2014 pourraient \u00e9roder les r\u00e9serves budg\u00e9taires, d\u00e9tourner des investissements n\u00e9cessaires et m\u00eame g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des risques macro\u00e9conomiques.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 ces interrogations, les autorit\u00e9s d\u00e9fendent la mesure comme un \u00ab dividende national \u00bb : un revenu minimum garanti et universel, sans conditions d’emploi ni justificatif de besoin, visant \u00e0 lutter contre la pauvret\u00e9, l’exode rural et les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s socio-\u00e9conomiques.<\/span><\/p>\n

En bref, les \u00celes Marshall deviennent le premier pays au monde \u00e0 adopter un revenu universel de base permanent \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle nationale \u2013 une d\u00e9monstration de faisabilit\u00e9 ambitieuse et suivie de pr\u00e8s.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les \u00celes Marshall ont franchi une \u00e9tape historique en lan\u00e7ant officiellement un programme de revenu de base universel (RBU), baptis\u00e9 Enra. D\u00e8s la fin novembre, tous les citoyens pourront percevoir un revenu r\u00e9gulier sans conditions, par virement bancaire, ch\u00e8que ou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":2657094,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11386,98,100,124282,89,93],"tags":[35984,147337,147338,10201,129718,147336,145674,76109,34864,4921],"class_list":["post-2657093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contenu-original","category-droits-de-lhomme","category-economie","category-news-fr","category-oceanie","category-politique","tag-changement-social","tag-dividende-national","tag-enra","tag-iles-marshall","tag-inclusion-fr","tag-monnaie-numerique","tag-politique-sociale","tag-rbu-fr","tag-rbui","tag-revenu-de-base-inconditionnel"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00celes Marshall : Revenu de base universel \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle nationale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les \u00celes Marshall ont franchi une \u00e9tape historique en lan\u00e7ant officiellement un programme de revenu de base universel (RBU), baptis\u00e9 Enra. 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