{"id":1579197,"date":"2022-05-06T08:01:48","date_gmt":"2022-05-06T07:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=1579197"},"modified":"2022-05-06T08:05:29","modified_gmt":"2022-05-06T07:05:29","slug":"fsm-2022-femmes-et-economie-informelle-les-defis-de-la-precarite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2022\/05\/fsm-2022-femmes-et-economie-informelle-les-defis-de-la-precarite\/","title":{"rendered":"FSM 2022: Femmes et Economie informelle : les D\u00e9fis de la Pr\u00e9carit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mexico, 4 mai 2022<\/span><\/p>\n

Par Amina Mezdour, membre du Collectif international de la jeunesse francophone<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Certains sujets n\u00e9cessitent un temps de r\u00e9flexion pour absorber l\u2019information re\u00e7ue, la comprendre et la mettre en dialogue avec nos connaissances. Ce fut le cas avec ce panel compos\u00e9 de six intervenant.e.s provenant de divers pays (Le Guatemala, Le Salvador, Le Mexique, le Honduras, l\u2019Euskeria [Pays Basque – Espagne] et la Tunisie). Cette diversit\u00e9 de contextes a donn\u00e9 un profil international fort int\u00e9ressant aux \u00e9changes entre les pan\u00e9listes et les participant.e.s. Bien que chacun et chacune des pan\u00e9listes ne disposait qu\u2019une dizaine de minutes pour pr\u00e9senter les impacts d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res de l\u2019emploi informel dans leurs pays respectifs, les pr\u00e9sentations \u00e9taient d\u2019une grande richesse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Il existe de multiples similitudes concernant l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de travail informel \u00e0 travers le monde. Ce type d\u2019\u00e9conomie parall\u00e8le et non officielle constitue une part importante du secteur \u00e9conomique national de plusieurs pays. \u00c0 titre d\u2019exemple, le secteur informel repr\u00e9sente 70% de l\u2019activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique au Salvador, et 60% au Honduras. L\u2019\u00e9conomie informelle est pr\u00e9sente dans un grand nombre de secteurs notamment agricole, industriel, commercial, et l\u2019extraction mini\u00e8re.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9conomie informelle est un secteur d\u2019activit\u00e9 principalement f\u00e9minin, faisant des femmes et des filles les protagonistes de l\u2019emploi pr\u00e9caire financi\u00e8rement et dangereux \u00e0 plusieurs \u00e9gards\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Les femmes et les filles souffrent de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 physique en raison de leur pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re constante. D\u2019apr\u00e8s les pan\u00e9listes, plusieurs d\u2019entre elles subsistent \u00e0 leur besoin du jour au jour.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Les femmes et les filles occupent des emplois qui affectent gravement leur sant\u00e9. Ces travailleuses de l\u2019ombre d\u00e9veloppent des maladies graves en raison de leur exposition \u00e0 des produits chimiques dangereux dans leur lieu de travail, notamment les pesticides dans les champs agricoles.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Les femmes et les filles travaillent dans des espaces insalubres (ex. usines, march\u00e9s) et non s\u00e9curitaires en cas d\u2019urgence (ex. incendie) augmentant ainsi leur stress li\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019absence de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Les femmes et les filles sont expos\u00e9es \u00e0 des accidents mortels en se rendant au travail, faute de transport public s\u00e9curis\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Les pan\u00e9listes s\u2019entendaient pour dire que les impacts du travail informel sur les femmes ne sont pas al\u00e9atoires, puisqu\u2019elles \u00e9manent d\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales. Il r\u00e9gnait un consensus dans la salle de conf\u00e9rence concernant le fait qu\u2019il s\u2019agit plut\u00f4t d\u2019un contexte social sexiste et discriminant envers les femmes et les filles. Au-del\u00e0 du contexte national, le travail informel r\u00e9sulte ind\u00e9niablement du syst\u00e8me n\u00e9olib\u00e9ral patriarcal dominant qui ne se pr\u00e9occupe pas du bien-\u00eatre des populations, et encore moins de celui des femmes. Les femmes et les filles payent le prix de ce syst\u00e8me in\u00e9galitaire par leur pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re, leur sant\u00e9 et m\u00eame leur vie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Une question se pose\u00a0: <\/span>jusqu\u2019\u00e0 quand allons-nous continuer \u00e0 vivre de la sorte ? \u00c0 quand le mouvement de r\u00e9sistance aux niveaux local, national et mondial pour abolir ce double syst\u00e8me \u00e9conomique qui maintient les femmes et les filles dans la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9?\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

    En guise de conclusion, les pan\u00e9listes avaient partag\u00e9 des initiatives locales de mobilisation de type <\/span>Down-up<\/span><\/i> visant de meilleures conditions de travail pour les femmes et les filles, \u00e0 commencer par la formalisation de leurs activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques. Cela leur permettra de sortir de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re et les dotera des droits fondamentaux des travailleur.euse.s, comme le salaire minimum, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale, l\u2019assurance d\u2019accident de travail et les cong\u00e9s pay\u00e9s. La r\u00e9sistance se concr\u00e9tise par l\u2019organisation et cr\u00e9ation de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s civiles, d\u2019associations, de collectifs, et de syndicats qui visibilisent ces femmes et ces filles, maintenues trop longtemps \u00e0 l\u2019ombre.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Janyck Beaulieu : <\/span>https:\/\/bit.ly\/3vJW0d9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Amina Mezdour : <\/span>https:\/\/bit.ly\/38VlhI9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mexico, 4 mai 2022 Par Amina Mezdour, membre du Collectif international de la jeunesse francophone\u00a0 Certains sujets n\u00e9cessitent un temps de r\u00e9flexion pour absorber l\u2019information re\u00e7ue, la comprendre et la mettre en dialogue avec nos connaissances. Ce fut le cas…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":1579027,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,11386,98,54509],"tags":[101762,1600,101705,101706,59357],"class_list":["post-1579197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amerique-du-nord","category-contenu-original","category-droits-de-lhomme","category-genre-et-feminismes","tag-economie-informelle","tag-femmes","tag-fsm-es-fr","tag-fsm-2022-es-fr","tag-precarite"],"yoast_head":"\nFSM 2022: Femmes et Economie informelle : les D\u00e9fis de la Pr\u00e9carit\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mexico, 4 mai 2022 Par Amina Mezdour, membre du Collectif international de la jeunesse francophone\u00a0 Certains sujets n\u00e9cessitent un temps de r\u00e9flexion pour\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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