{"id":1203741,"date":"2020-09-25T21:51:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-25T20:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=1203741"},"modified":"2020-09-25T21:51:57","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T20:51:57","slug":"cameroun-vers-linterdiction-dexportation-du-bois-en-grume","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2020\/09\/cameroun-vers-linterdiction-dexportation-du-bois-en-grume\/","title":{"rendered":"Cameroun\u00a0: vers l\u2019interdiction d\u2019exportation du bois en grume"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux acheteurs du bois venant de la Chine y compris Hong Kong, Ta\u00efwan, le Vietnam et l\u2019Italie, l\u2019exportation du bois en grume conna\u00eet un grand bond ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dans un contexte marqu\u00e9 par la lutte contre le Covid19, les ministres des for\u00eats, de l\u2019industrie et de l\u2019environnement de la sous r\u00e9gion Afrique centrale se sont r\u00e9unis par vid\u00e9o conf\u00e9rence le 18 septembre 2020 pour parler de l\u2019avenir de la for\u00eat en Afrique centrale. La principale d\u00e9cision de cette rencontre est l\u2019engagement pris par ces pays d\u2019Afrique centrale de mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019exportation du bois en grume d\u2019ici 2022. Avec pr\u00e8s de 24,3 millions d\u2019hectares de for\u00eat, le Cameroun regorge le quatri\u00e8me massif forestier d\u2019Afrique Centrale. Cette ressource entra\u00eene l\u2019exploitation ill\u00e9gale du bois qui est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne largement r\u00e9pandu dans les pays africains, qui est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la mauvaise conservation des for\u00eats et du commerce ill\u00e9gal du bois. Depuis 1993 le l\u00e9gislateur camerounais a adopt\u00e9 une loi obligeant les exploitants forestiers \u00e0 transformer 70% des grumes sur place.<\/p>\n

Selon l\u2019Organisation Internationale des Bois Tropicaux, en 1993 environ 60% du bois produit par le Cameroun, soit environ 2,5 millions de m\u00b3 de grumes \u00e9tait transform\u00e9 sur place. Avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des acheteurs venus des pays asiatiques en dehors d\u2019acheteurs europ\u00e9ens, cette tendance a \u00e9t\u00e9 invers\u00e9e en 1997 avec une exportation de 2 millions de m\u00b3 des 3,4 millions de m\u00b3 produit. Ce qui correspond \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 60% de grumes export\u00e9es. Cette situation a conduit \u00e0 une exploitation abusive de certaines essences essentielles des for\u00eats du Cameroun. D\u2019o\u00f9 la signature par le premier Ministre du Cameroun du d\u00e9cret N\u00b0 99\/781\/PM du 31 octobre 1999 sur la modalit\u00e9 d\u2019application de l\u2019article 71 (1) (nouveau) de la loi N\u00b0 94\/01 du 20 janvier 1994 portant r\u00e9gime des for\u00eats, de la faune et de la p\u00eache. Ce d\u00e9cret d\u00e9finit la liste d\u2019esp\u00e8ces interdites d\u2019exportation sous forme de grumes sur le territoire national. Cette d\u00e9cision venait ainsi stopper la coupe inqui\u00e9tante de l\u2019Ayous et du Sapelli, essences constituant 50% d\u2019exportations de grumes du pays dont la raret\u00e9 commen\u00e7ait \u00e0 se faire sentir. Selon un rapport de l\u2019ONG TRAFFIC, \u00ab Entre 2004 et 2012, les exportations de grumes ont augment\u00e9 de 173% constitu\u00e9es principalement du Tali, de l\u2019Okan, de l\u2019Ayous, de l\u2019Azobe et d\u2019Ekop\u00bb .<\/p>\n

Prenant l\u2019engagement d\u2019interdire l\u2019exportation du bois en grume en 2022, les gouvernements des pays producteurs de bois de la sous r\u00e9gion Afrique centrale ont ainsi bien compris que la vente du bois brut prive les pays concern\u00e9s de la valeur ajout\u00e9e que devrait apporter l\u2019industrie en cas de transformation sur place. Il est certain que l\u2019interdiction de l\u2019exportation du bois en grume d\u00e9veloppe l\u2019industrie nationale de transformation du bois. Vue sous l\u2019angle de d\u00e9veloppement durable, une telle d\u00e9cision sera tr\u00e8s bien appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e par les organisations de protection de la nature, qui trouveront en cela un moyen de plus pour r\u00e9duire la pression humaine et commerciale sur les for\u00eats d\u2019Afrique.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, les fili\u00e8res de transformation et d\u2019exportation du bois au Cameroun sont encore confront\u00e9es \u00e0 un certain nombre d\u2019obstacles \u00e0 l\u2019instar des proc\u00e9dures qui sont souvent lourdes et prolong\u00e9es dans la proc\u00e9dure d\u2019enregistrement en tant que transformateur de bois. D\u2019autres faiblesses et failles r\u00e9sident dans le cadre juridique et l\u00e9gislatif sans oublier le difficile partage d\u2019informations entre les entit\u00e9s minist\u00e9rielles qui interviennent dans le domaine. Le r\u00e9seau de surveillance du commerce des animaux et plantes sauvages, principale organisation non-gouvernementale qui s\u2019occupe au plan mondial des esp\u00e8ces animales et v\u00e9g\u00e9tales sauvages dans un contexte marqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois par les n\u00e9cessit\u00e9s de conservation de la biodiversit\u00e9 et du d\u00e9veloppement durable, d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 TRAFFIC, r\u00e9v\u00e8le que \u00ab Le manque de communication se traduit souvent par l\u2019absence d\u2019enregistrement des entreprises exportatrices de bois dans le syst\u00e8me de contr\u00f4le et de surveillance du Minist\u00e8re des For\u00eats et de la faune\u00bb. \u00c0 propos de la fiscalit\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re, le syst\u00e8me actuel de taxation n\u2019est pas totalement applicable aux petits exploitants forestiers ou artisanaux qui exercent dans le secteur informel, ce qui entra\u00eene une perte importante de revenus pour l\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux acheteurs du bois venant de la Chine y compris Hong Kong, Ta\u00efwan, le Vietnam et l\u2019Italie, l\u2019exportation du bois en grume conna\u00eet un grand bond ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Dans un contexte marqu\u00e9 par la lutte contre…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":248,"featured_media":1203759,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83,11386,100],"tags":[2612,81906,61734],"class_list":["post-1203741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africa-fr","category-contenu-original","category-economie","tag-cameroun","tag-exportation-de-bois","tag-foret"],"yoast_head":"\nCameroun\u00a0: vers l\u2019interdiction d\u2019exportation du bois en grume<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux acheteurs du bois venant de la Chine y compris Hong Kong, Ta\u00efwan, le Vietnam et l\u2019Italie, l\u2019exportation du bois en grume\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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Il a travaill\u00e9 pour plusieurs m\u00e9dias imprim\u00e9s et vit actuellement \u00e0 Yaound\u00e9. Fran\u00e7ois Tekam, born June 18th, 1971, in the west of Cameroon, studied civil law and international environmental law. He has worked for several print media and currently lives in Yaounde.","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/author\/francois-tekam\/"}]}},"place":"Cameroun","original_article_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1203741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/248"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1203741"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1203741\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1203759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1203741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1203741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1203741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}