{"id":112439,"date":"2014-06-10T22:39:57","date_gmt":"2014-06-10T21:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=112439"},"modified":"2014-06-10T22:42:08","modified_gmt":"2014-06-10T21:42:08","slug":"d-day-debarquement-eoliennes-plait-pas-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2014\/06\/d-day-debarquement-eoliennes-plait-pas-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"D-Day : le d\u00e9barquement des \u00e9oliennes ne plait pas \u00e0 tout le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Depuis les plages du d\u00e9barquement on pourra bient\u00f4t observer des dizaines d\u2019\u00e9oliennes en mer. Et ce, malgr\u00e9 les doutes techniques et financiers qui s\u2019ajoutent aux impacts environnementaux et \u00e0 l\u2019absence de concertation, que d\u00e9nonce l\u2019association Robin des Bois.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

par Philippe Desfilhes<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Angela Merkel, Barack Obama, Vladimir Poutine, Fran\u00e7ois Hollande et les quinze autres chefs d\u2019Etat qui se recueilleront aujourd\u2019hui \u00e0 15 heures \u00e0 Ouistreham \u00e0 l\u2019occasion du soixante-dixi\u00e8me anniversaire du d\u00e9barquement ne pourront pas les voir, car ils n\u2019existent pas encore. Mais d\u2019ici \u00e0 un an ou un an et demi, l\u2019horizon des plages de Sword Beach, Juno Beach, Gold Beach, Omaha Beach et Utah Beach sera occup\u00e9 par des dizaines de m\u00e2ts d\u2019\u00e9oliennes.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 un consortium alliant EDF, Alstom et le danois Dong Energy, le projet de parc \u00e9olien offshore<\/i> de Courseulles-sur-Mer (\u00e0 l\u2019aplomb de Juno Beach) pr\u00e9voit soixante-quinze \u00e9oliennes maritimes \u00e0 moins de dix kilom\u00e8tres des c\u00f4tes, donc bien visibles.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est l\u2019un des quatre parcs d\u00e9cid\u00e9s par le gouvernement Fillon au printemps 2012 avec ceux de Saint-Brieuc<\/a>, Saint-Nazaire<\/a> et F\u00e9camp, et il soul\u00e8ve une vague d\u2019indignation \u00e0 travers le monde. Les grandes revues anglo-saxonnes regrettent notamment qu\u2019on puisse porter ainsi atteinte \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire de ce site historique.<\/p>\n

En France, les grands m\u00e9dias sont rest\u00e9s silencieux. \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Il faut pourtant d\u00e9noncer la course au gigantisme que m\u00e8ne dans le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9olienne un lobby o\u00f9 l\u2019on retrouve, outre EDF et Alstom, Areva et Siemens.<\/strong> Ce sont les m\u00eames qui nous ont vendu il y a 35 ou 40 ans une \u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire cens\u00e9e \u00eatre la solution<\/i> \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>miracle\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb \u00e0 nos besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques et qui en sont d\u2019ailleurs encore les acteurs et les promoteurs\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i>, s\u2019insurge Jacky Bonnemains, de Robin des Bois.<\/a><\/p>\n

Des monstres d\u2019acier…<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019association de d\u00e9fense de l\u2019environnement plaide pour un d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019\u00e9olien \u00e0 une \u00e9chelle plus raisonnable et pointe le manque d\u2019analyses financi\u00e8res, techniques et environnementales qui entoure les projets fran\u00e7ais qu\u2019elle juge d\u00e9mesur\u00e9s. \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Au large de Courseulles-sur-Mer, les \u00e9oliennes occuperont cinquante kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s et il est question ailleurs de parcs de 100 km2. C\u2019est pharaonique\u00a0<\/small>!\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Ces \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>zones industrielles maritimes\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i> – car c\u2019est bien d\u2019une industrialisation des eaux c\u00f4ti\u00e8res qu\u2019il s\u2019agit – seront h\u00e9riss\u00e9es de monstres d\u2019acier et de mat\u00e9riaux composites non recyclables de 150 m\u00e8tres d\u2019envergure qui culmineront \u00e0 180 m\u00e8tres au dessus de la mer.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Les projets fran\u00e7ais pr\u00e9voient des \u00e9oliennes de tr\u00e8s forte puissance, 6 \u00e0 8 voire 10 megawatts, alors que la puissance moyenne des \u00e9oliennes install\u00e9es au large du Danemark ou de l\u2019Allemagne est de 2 \u00e0 3 m\u00e9gawatts\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i>, assure le responsable de l\u2019association.<\/p>\n

Les structures p\u00e8sent au minimum 1 500 tonnes et il faut percer les fonds marins avec des pieux sur vingt ou trente m\u00e8tres de profondeur. Elles peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9galement pos\u00e9es sur des c\u00f4nes de b\u00e9ton de 4 \u00e0 5 000 tonnes chacun. Les s\u00e9diments marins seront \u00e9galement occup\u00e9s par un fouillis de c\u00e2bles \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Or aucune \u00e9olienne de cette importance n\u2019a encore prouv\u00e9 en condition r\u00e9elle sa capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9sistance et de productivit\u00e9\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i><\/strong>, s\u2019inqui\u00e8te Jacky Bonnemains. Qu\u2019en sera-t-il de leur r\u00e9sistance dans des conditions aussi difficiles que celles qui pr\u00e9valent dans la Manche et l\u2019Atlantique\u00a0<\/small>? Et quid des d\u00e9lais et des co\u00fbts r\u00e9els de fabrication et de maintenance\u00a0<\/small>?<\/p>\n

… install\u00e9s sans aucune concertation<\/strong><\/p>\n

De nombreuses questions restent aussi en suspens aussi en ce qui concerne les impacts sur la faune et la flore.<\/strong> \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Il y a tr\u00e8s peu d\u2019\u00e9tudes et elles n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es en France. On sait que les risques sont importants pour les oiseaux pendant la phase d\u2019exploitation et que les mammif\u00e8res marins sont d\u00e9rang\u00e9s par le bruit, les vibrations et des infra-sons\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i>, explique Jacky Bonnemains.<\/p>\n

L\u2019environnementaliste critique aussi le fait que chaque projet de parc marin \u00e9olien soit \u00e9tudi\u00e9 ind\u00e9pendamment des autres. \u00ab\u00a0<\/small>Or les oiseaux et les poissons migrateurs vont \u00eatre perturb\u00e9s par une succession de parcs \u00e9oliens offshore depuis Noirmoutier jusqu\u2019au Tr\u00e9port voire jusqu\u2019\u00e0 Dunkerque o\u00f9 il existe aussi un projet, puis au del\u00e0 puisque des \u00e9oliennes marines sont \u00e9galement install\u00e9es en Belgique. Comment vont-ils r\u00e9agir \u00e0 cet effet barri\u00e8re\u00a0<\/small>?\u00a0<\/small>\u00bb<\/i>, s\u2019interroge-t-il.<\/p>\n

Au del\u00e0 des perturbations apport\u00e9es aux plages du D-Day, une pause et r\u00e9flexion approfondie s\u2019imposent sur la mise en place des parcs \u00e9oliens offshore. \u00ab\u00a0Il faut un Grenelle des \u00e9nergies marines\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>, insiste Jacky Bonnemains.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Source\u00a0:<\/strong> Philippe Desfilhes pour Reporterre<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n

Dessin\u00a0:<\/strong> Robin des Bois<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Depuis les plages du d\u00e9barquement on pourra bient\u00f4t observer des dizaines d\u2019\u00e9oliennes en mer. Et ce, malgr\u00e9 les doutes techniques et financiers qui s\u2019ajoutent aux impacts environnementaux et \u00e0 l\u2019absence de concertation, que d\u00e9nonce l\u2019association Robin des Bois. par Philippe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":752,"featured_media":112442,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97,40],"tags":[10943,7018,10941,10942],"class_list":["post-112439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environnement-et-ecologie","category-international-fr","tag-alstom","tag-edf","tag-eolienne","tag-normandie"],"yoast_head":"\nD-Day : le d\u00e9barquement des \u00e9oliennes ne plait pas \u00e0 tout le monde<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Depuis les plages du d\u00e9barquement on pourra bient\u00f4t observer des dizaines d\u2019\u00e9oliennes en mer. 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