{"id":1062292,"date":"2020-03-23T03:30:13","date_gmt":"2020-03-23T03:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=1062292"},"modified":"2020-03-24T17:00:50","modified_gmt":"2020-03-24T17:00:50","slug":"des-impressions-3d-open-source-sauvent-des-vies-en-italie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/fr\/2020\/03\/des-impressions-3d-open-source-sauvent-des-vies-en-italie\/","title":{"rendered":"Des impressions 3D open source sauvent des vies en Italie"},"content":{"rendered":"

De plus en plus de patients sont hospitalis\u00e9s<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u00e0 cause du COVID-19, et les ressources des \u00e9tablissements de sant\u00e9 deviennent insuffisantes<\/span><\/span><\/span>. Il est donc important de r\u00e9duire le nombre de malades et d’\u00e9viter au maximum l’afflux soudain de patients car il n’y aura ni lits ni \u00e9quipements m\u00e9dicaux vitaux.\u00a0En Italie, qui a agi trop lentement pour limiter l’exposition, cela s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 produit : les h\u00f4pitaux du nord du pays ont d\u00e9pass\u00e9 leur capacit\u00e9 et les \u00e9quipements sont insuffisants.\u00a0Il en a r\u00e9sult\u00e9 un tr\u00e8s grand nombre de d\u00e9c\u00e8s.\u00a0Mais lorsqu’un h\u00f4pital italien a manqu\u00e9 de valves pour des respirateurs, les fabricants locaux ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 les remplacer gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’impression 3D.<\/p>\n

Selon<\/span> un<\/span> reportage<\/span> de<\/span> la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fastcompany<\/a>,<\/span> tout<\/span> a<\/span> commenc\u00e9<\/span> quand<\/span> la<\/span> journaliste<\/span> Nunzia<\/span> Vallini,<\/span> du<\/span> Giornale<\/span> di<\/span> <\/em>Brescia<\/em>,<\/span> a<\/span> expliqu\u00e9<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> Massimo<\/span> Temporelli,<\/span> fondateur<\/span> du<\/span> laboratoire<\/span> num\u00e9rique<\/span> FabLab,<\/span> le<\/span> probl\u00e8me<\/span> qu’elle<\/span> avait<\/span> appris<\/span> :<\/span><\/span><\/span> un<\/span> petit<\/span> h\u00f4pital<\/span> de<\/span> ville,<\/span> Chiari,<\/span> \u00e9tait<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> court<\/span> de<\/span> valves<\/span> pour<\/span> les<\/span> appareils<\/span> de<\/span> rajeunissement<\/span> –<\/span> aussi<\/span> appel\u00e9s<\/span> dispositifs<\/span> de<\/span> r\u00e9animation,<\/span> c’est-\u00e0-dire<\/span> des<\/span> machines<\/span> respiratoires<\/span> qui<\/span> aident<\/span> les<\/span> patients<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> respirer<\/span> pour<\/span> la<\/span> ventilation<\/span> m\u00e9canique<\/span> de<\/span> leurs<\/span> poumons.<\/span><\/span><\/span> L’entreprise<\/span> fournissant<\/span> ces<\/span> valves<\/span>\u00a0ne pouvait pas\u00a0remplacer<\/span> les<\/span> valves<\/span> manquantes en<\/span> si<\/span> peu<\/span> de<\/span> temps<\/span> et<\/span> les<\/span> gens<\/span> mouraient.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les<\/span> routes<\/span> ont<\/span> rapidement<\/span> conduit<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> deux<\/span> fabricants<\/span> :<\/span><\/span><\/span> Christian<\/span> Fraccasi<\/span> et<\/span> Michele<\/span> Faini,<\/span> sp\u00e9cialistes<\/span> en<\/span> impression<\/span> 3D<\/span> et<\/span> concepteurs en recherche<\/span> et<\/span> d\u00e9veloppement<\/span> chez<\/span> Lonati<\/span> SpA,<\/span> une<\/span> entreprise<\/span> de<\/span> construction<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> Brescia.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Les<\/span> deux<\/span> avaient<\/span> travaill\u00e9<\/span> ensemble<\/span> plus<\/span> t\u00f4t<\/span> et<\/span> maintenant<\/span> le<\/span> th\u00e8me d’\u00e9tude \u00e9tait<\/span> les<\/span> valves,<\/span> celles qui<\/span> contribuent<\/span> au<\/span> m\u00e9lange<\/span> de<\/span> l’oxyg\u00e8ne<\/span> avec<\/span> l’air<\/span> et<\/span> constituent<\/span> une<\/span> partie<\/span> importante<\/span> du<\/span> syst\u00e8me<\/span> respiratoire<\/span> m\u00e9canique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le<\/span> fournisseur<\/span> de valves de<\/span> l’h\u00f4pital<\/span> ne<\/span> voulait<\/span> pas<\/span> donner<\/span> aux<\/span> fabricants\u00a0Christian Fraccasi et Michele Faini<\/span><\/span> les<\/span> informations<\/span> sur<\/span> la<\/span> conception<\/span> des<\/span> valves,<\/span> comme<\/span> l’a<\/span> dit<\/span> Faini.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Cependant,<\/span> ils<\/span> ont<\/span> r\u00e9ussi<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> trouver<\/span> le<\/span> design<\/span> eux-m\u00eames,<\/span> m\u00eame<\/span> si<\/span> c’\u00e9tait<\/span> la<\/span> premi\u00e8re<\/span> fois<\/span> que<\/span> leur soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/span> proc\u00e9dait<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> l’impression<\/span> de<\/span> quelque<\/span> chose<\/span> pour<\/span> le<\/span> secteur<\/span> m\u00e9dical<\/span> et<\/span> qui avait<\/span> besoin<\/span> d’un \u00e9quipement<\/span> sp\u00e9cial<\/span> qui<\/span> pourrait<\/span> \u00eatre<\/span> d\u00e9sinfect\u00e9<\/span> et<\/span> utilis\u00e9<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> des<\/span> fins<\/span> biom\u00e9dicales.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A l’h\u00f4pital de Chiari, les<\/span> patients<\/span> atteints<\/span> de<\/span> COVID-19<\/span> peuvent<\/span> maintenant<\/span> respirer<\/span> gr\u00e2ce<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> ces<\/span> valves<\/span> imprim\u00e9es<\/span> en<\/span> 3D.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Mais<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> mesure<\/span> que<\/span> la<\/span> pand\u00e9mie<\/span> se<\/span> propage,<\/span> d’autres<\/span> h\u00f4pitaux<\/span> peuvent<\/span> courir<\/span> le<\/span> risque<\/span> de<\/span> manquer de valves<\/span><\/span> ou d’autres \u00e9quipements.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Gerrit<\/span> Coetzee,<\/span> un<\/span> ing\u00e9nieur<\/span> en<\/span> design<\/span> bas\u00e9<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> San<\/span> Francisco,<\/span> a<\/span> appel\u00e9<\/span> des<\/span> designers<\/span> et<\/span> des<\/span> ing\u00e9nieurs,<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> travers<\/span> le<\/span> blog<\/span> Hackaday,<\/span> afin de concevoir<\/span> un respirateur<\/span><\/span> open<\/span> source pour les patients du COVID-19, <\/span><\/span><\/span>qu’il<\/span> d\u00e9crit<\/span> comme<\/span> \u00ab<\/span> un<\/span> dispositif<\/span> qui<\/span> d\u00e9cide<\/span> entre<\/span> la<\/span> vie<\/span> et<\/span> la<\/span> mort \u00bb<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\n

L’impression<\/span> tridimensionnelle<\/span> a<\/span> d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/span> \u00e9t\u00e9<\/span> utilis\u00e9e<\/span> dans<\/span> le<\/span> domaine<\/span> m\u00e9dical,<\/span> avec la<\/span> cr\u00e9ation<\/span> de <\/span>proth\u00e8ses <\/span>bon<\/span> march\u00e9<\/span> et<\/span> abordables,<\/span> d’outils<\/span> chirurgicaux<\/span> et<\/span> m\u00eame<\/span> de<\/span> th\u00e9rapies<\/span> personnalis\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Il semble\u00a0que<\/span> cela<\/span> pourrait<\/span> \u00eatre<\/span> une<\/span> cl\u00e9<\/span> pour<\/span> rendre<\/span> des\u00a0respirateur<\/span>s <\/span><\/span>disponibles<\/span> partout.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Une<\/span> coop\u00e9ration<\/span> est<\/span> n\u00e9cessaire<\/span> pour<\/span> aller<\/span> de<\/span> l’avant<\/span> avec<\/span> un<\/span> tel<\/span> plan,<\/span> qui<\/span> aiderait<\/span> tout<\/span> le<\/span> monde<\/span> dans<\/span> cette<\/span> pand\u00e9mie.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Fiani<\/span> a<\/span> fait<\/span> remarquer<\/span> que<\/span> la<\/span> coop\u00e9ration<\/span> \u00e9tait<\/span> essentielle<\/span> \u00e0<\/span> la<\/span> cr\u00e9ation<\/span> de<\/span> ces<\/span> valves<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Ils<\/span> savaient<\/span> qu’ils<\/span> devaient<\/span> agir<\/span> rapidement,<\/span> parce<\/span> que<\/span> les<\/span> gens<\/span> pouvaient<\/span> mourir<\/span> sans<\/span> respirateur.<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00ab J’esp\u00e8re<\/span> que<\/span> tous<\/span> les<\/span> gens<\/span> comprendront<\/span> que<\/span> nous<\/span> devons<\/span> travailler<\/span> ensemble<\/span> pour<\/span> arr\u00eater<\/span> cette<\/span> pand\u00e9mie \u00bb,<\/span> dit-il.<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00ab Nous<\/span> devons<\/span> tous<\/span> rester<\/span> en<\/span> s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/span> et<\/span> utiliser<\/span> nos<\/span> comp\u00e9tences<\/span> pour<\/span> aider<\/span> ceux<\/span> qui<\/span> en<\/span> ont<\/span> besoin. \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Source : fastcompany.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

De plus en plus de patients sont hospitalis\u00e9s \u00e0 cause du COVID-19, et les ressources des \u00e9tablissements de sant\u00e9 deviennent insuffisantes. Il est donc important de r\u00e9duire le nombre de malades et d’\u00e9viter au maximum l’afflux soudain de patients car…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1220,"featured_media":1060090,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11386,85,1245],"tags":[70280,72182,72712,72713,1527,70597],"class_list":["post-1062292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contenu-original","category-europe-fr","category-sante-sujet","tag-coronavirus-fr","tag-covid-19-fr","tag-fastcompany","tag-impressions-3d","tag-italie","tag-open-source-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nDes impressions 3D open source sauvent des vies en Italie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"De plus en plus de patients sont hospitalis\u00e9s \u00e0 cause du COVID-19, et les ressources des \u00e9tablissements de sant\u00e9 deviennent insuffisantes. 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