{"id":2655590,"date":"2025-11-24T20:19:23","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T20:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=2655590"},"modified":"2025-11-24T20:19:23","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T20:19:23","slug":"derrotados-por-el-miedo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/","title":{"rendered":"Derrotados por el miedo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Por Gustavo Gonzalez*<\/p>\n<p>En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \u00abLa aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\u00bb, cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le atribuye a Goebbels, el ministro de propaganda de Hitler, seg\u00fan la cual a fuerza de inocular masivamente a la poblaci\u00f3n con falsedades termina creyendo la mentira por cierta (\u00abMentir, mentir, que algo queda\u00bb).<\/p>\n<p>Luego, all\u00e1 por 1972 en Estados Unidos la Agenda Setting estableci\u00f3 que los medios m\u00e1s que imponer c\u00f3mo pensar, imponen en qu\u00e9 pensar y subyugan al p\u00fablico en la direcci\u00f3n que les interesa. Ambas teor\u00edas, varias d\u00e9cadas despu\u00e9s, son v\u00e1lidas para explicar el avance de la ultraderecha en estas elecciones presidenciales, donde no careci\u00f3 de \u00abc\u00f3mplices pasivos\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>La TV y los medios del dupolio chileno, en manos empresariales, tuvieron el coro de radios y publicaciones supuestamente independientes, que coparon las pantallas y p\u00e1ginas de noticias policiales y jam\u00e1s informaron que Chile es uno de los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s seguros de Am\u00e9rica, mucho m\u00e1s seguro que Estados Unidos y El Salvador, aunque Kast y Kaiser se solazaban con loas a Trump y Bukele. Este mismo aparato medi\u00e1tico, apuntalado por un MEO ansioso de conseguir votos, sigui\u00f3 replicando el discurso de la troika ultraderechista de un \u00abChile que se cae a pedazos\u00bb, sin citar jam\u00e1s informes internacionales serios que nos colocan en una buena posici\u00f3n mundial, e incluso ignorando an\u00e1lisis de economistas serios y ajenos al gobierno de Boric como Carlos Mladinic de la DC e Ignacio Briones (cercano a Ev\u00f3poli).<\/p>\n<p>Democratizar las comunicaciones sigue siendo la gran tarea pendiente para los derechos humanos y la democracia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>* periodista, escritor y acad\u00e9mico<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \u00abLa aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\u00bb, cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le atribuye a Goebbels, el ministro de propaganda de Hitler, seg\u00fan la cual a fuerza de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":2655591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11389,75,161,74,67],"tags":[69028,29,403,20857,17495],"class_list":["post-2655590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contenido-original","category-cultura-es","category-opiniones","category-politica-es","category-sudamerica","tag-campanas-mediaticas","tag-chile","tag-elecciones","tag-miedo","tag-seguridad"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Derrotados por el miedo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de &quot;La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica&quot;, cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Derrotados por el miedo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de &quot;La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica&quot;, cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pressenza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pressenza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"653\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"431\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Redacci\u00f3n Chile\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@pressenza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@PressenzaIPA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Redacci\u00f3n Chile\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Redacci\u00f3n Chile\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/73711f7eefd625a2dea743756a39ed16\"},\"headline\":\"Derrotados por el miedo\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\"},\"wordCount\":296,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"campa\u00f1as medi\u00e1ticas\",\"Chile\",\"elecciones\",\"miedo\",\"Seguridad\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Contenido Original\",\"Cultura y Medios\",\"Opiniones\",\"Pol\u00edtica\",\"Sudam\u00e9rica\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\",\"name\":\"Derrotados por el miedo\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00\",\"description\":\"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \\\"La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\\\", cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg\",\"width\":653,\"height\":431},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Derrotados por el miedo\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/\",\"name\":\"Pressenza\",\"description\":\"International Press Agency\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Pressenza\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg\",\"width\":200,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"Pressenza\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/PressenzaIPA\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/73711f7eefd625a2dea743756a39ed16\",\"name\":\"Redacci\u00f3n Chile\",\"description\":\"News from the Pressenza Bureau in Chile\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pressenza\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/pressenza\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/author\/redaccion-chile\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Derrotados por el miedo","description":"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \"La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\", cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Derrotados por el miedo","og_description":"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \"La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\", cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le","og_url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/","og_site_name":"Pressenza","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pressenza","article_published_time":"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00","og_image":[{"width":653,"height":431,"url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Redacci\u00f3n Chile","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@pressenza","twitter_site":"@PressenzaIPA","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Redacci\u00f3n Chile","Tiempo de lectura":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/"},"author":{"name":"Redacci\u00f3n Chile","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/73711f7eefd625a2dea743756a39ed16"},"headline":"Derrotados por el miedo","datePublished":"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/"},"wordCount":296,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg","keywords":["campa\u00f1as medi\u00e1ticas","Chile","elecciones","miedo","Seguridad"],"articleSection":["Contenido Original","Cultura y Medios","Opiniones","Pol\u00edtica","Sudam\u00e9rica"],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/","name":"Derrotados por el miedo","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg","datePublished":"2025-11-24T20:19:23+00:00","description":"Por Gustavo Gonzalez* En los estudios b\u00e1sicos de teor\u00edas comunicacionales se habla de \"La aguja hipod\u00e9rmica\", cuyos or\u00edgenes se remontan a 1933 y se le","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/gbf8643_653x431.jpg","width":653,"height":431},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/2025\/11\/derrotados-por-el-miedo\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Derrotados por el miedo"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/","name":"Pressenza","description":"International Press Agency","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#organization","name":"Pressenza","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pressenza_logo_200x200.jpg","width":200,"height":200,"caption":"Pressenza"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/PressenzaItalia","https:\/\/x.com\/PressenzaIPA"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/73711f7eefd625a2dea743756a39ed16","name":"Redacci\u00f3n Chile","description":"News from the Pressenza Bureau in Chile","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pressenza","https:\/\/x.com\/pressenza"],"url":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/author\/redaccion-chile\/"}]}},"place":"Santiago de Chile","original_article_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2655590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2655590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2655590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2655592,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2655590\/revisions\/2655592"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2655591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2655590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2655590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2655590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}