{"id":653240,"date":"2018-06-06T19:26:46","date_gmt":"2018-06-06T18:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/?p=653240"},"modified":"2018-06-06T19:27:26","modified_gmt":"2018-06-06T18:27:26","slug":"oi-megaloi-politismoi-tis-notias-afrikis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/el\/2018\/06\/oi-megaloi-politismoi-tis-notias-afrikis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7. 1- \u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1.600 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 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\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>Mwene mutapa<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>Monomotapa<\/strong>, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf, 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\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 Zabi \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03bf \u03bb\u03b1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong>Bantu<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u039b\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac Kilwa \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Manikeni, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 &#8211; \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 &#8211; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0386\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 <strong>\u0386\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u039c\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 (Namwari). \u03a4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 (Chengere Mwari), \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 (Limpo) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 (Mashona). \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>Mwene mutapa<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039f\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf 1529 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u039c\u03bf\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03af\u03ba\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 1871 \u03bf \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 Karl Maor \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 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\u0396\u03b9\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b5 &#8211; \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1980 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u00abdzimba dzemabwe\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: Pressenza Athens<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u0386\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pressenza.com\/el\/2018\/05\/afrikanikes-istories-pros-anakalipsi\/\">\u0391\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 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\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2). \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 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